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Punkie Night: Somerset’s Lantern Festival and Its Connection to Halloween, Samhain & Púca Night

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Light flickering in the Autumn Dark

When the October sky over Somerset turns a bruised purple and the moon hangs low, the village streets spring to life with a glow that feels both ancient and mischievous. Children clutch glowing carved lanterns, their faces lit by flickering candles, while the air fills with a chant that has echoed through the countryside for generations:

“It’s Punkie Night tonight… Give us a candle, give us a light…”

(Image: Punkie Lanterns. Source: Punkie Night/Facebook)

This eerie procession, known as Punkie Night, is more than a quirky local festival; it is a living link to centuries-old customs that once guided lost souls, kept wandering malevolent spirits at bay, and turned the darkness of early winter into a community celebration. Here we’ll uncover the origins of the “punkie” lantern, trace the folklore from 19th‑century Somerset to the Celtic “Púca Night,” and explore how this regional tradition mirrors the modern Halloween rituals we know today.

What Exactly is Punkie Night?

Punkie Night is a lantern festival peculiar to Somerset, celebrated in villages such as Hinton St George. It takes place on the last Thursday of October every year.

The word “punkie” in Punkie Night originates from a local name for a lantern, with possible connections to “pumpkin,” “punky” (a term for a young child’s ghost), or the Old English word “punk” (timber or tinder).

On Punkie Night, local people carve glowing lanterns from ‘mangelwurzels’, a type of large beetroot grown for cattle feed. Once carved and lit from within by candles, these ‘punkies’ are carried through the street by children and adults alike, often wearing costumes. Traditionally, the punkies are borne through the streets or door to door in a noisy parade, where those carrying them call for treats or candles to light their lanterns, singing:

(Image: Magelwurzels. Source: Punkie Night/Facebook)

“It’s Punkie Night tonight,
It’s Punkie Night tonight,
Give us a candle, give us a light,
If you don’t, you’ll get a fright.

It’s Punkie Night tonight,
It’s Punkie Night tonight,
Adam and Eve wouldn’t believe,
It’s Punkie Night tonight.”

Iona Opie and Peter Opie described this Somerset custom beautifully in The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren (Oxford University Press, 1987):

“To children in south Somerset a punkie is a home-made mangel-wurzel lantern of more artistic manufacture than those commonly made elsewhere for Hallowe’en. Laboriously executed designs, or floral patterns, or even scenes with houses, horses, dogs, or ships, are cut on the surface of the mangels, so that when the flesh has been carefully scooped out—leaving just a quarter of an inch to support the skin—and the stump of a candle has been lighted within, the designs become transparencies, and the lanterns ‘glow in the dark with a warm golden light’. These lanterns (reported from Long Sutton and Hinton St. George) are carried by a loop of string secured through two holes near the top just beneath the lid of the lantern. At Hinton St. George, where Punkie Night is the fourth Thursday in October, some sixty children come out into the street with their lanterns, and parade through the village in rival bands, calling at houses and singing.”

A Tale of Lost Men and Heroic Wives

According to local lore, Punkie Night can be traced back to when a group of Hinton St George men ventured to the nearby Chiselborough Fair in the early 1800s. The men spent their time at the fair drinking and carousing, and when they tried to return home after night fell, they soon lost their way. Although their village was only a few miles away, they became lost in the darkness without lanterns to light their path and were unable to find their way home.

(Image: Punkie Parade. Source: Punkie Night/Facebook)

Their wives back in Hinton St George were distraught with worry and carved makeshift lanterns from mangelwurzels and took to the streets in search of their wayward husbands. Some say that when the men first spotted the light from the women’s lanterns glowing in the darkness, they mistook them for will o’ the wisps, or even restless spirits, and ran away in terror. Once they realised the flickering punkies were held by their heroic wives, they were soon guided home to safety.

Older Roots of Punkie Night and Shared Traditions

Punkie Night was first recorded in the 19th Century but may have much older roots. In Ireland, there is a Celtic celebration called “Púca Night” which has Otherworldly connections. Here, Púca refers to fairies and sprites, which were not necessarily clearly delineated ideas from ghosts and spirits in Irish folklore. Similar to Samhain, Halloween, and Punkie Night, the veil between the world of the living and the dead is believed to thin at this time. Lanterns were said to guide lost souls back to their homes and also ward off the spirits of the dead who would roam the land of the living during this liminal period.

In these traditions, there is also the shared custom of children and adults going door to door ‘souling’ to ask for something. In Púca Night and Halloween, children ask for sweets and candy, and on Punkie Night, a candle for their punkie was requested.

Both Punkie Night and Halloween also feature chanting or singing to request these gifts. In Punkie Night, children sing their traditional Punkie Night song, while modern trick or treaters might chant the popular naughty rhyme:

“Trick or treat,
Smell my feet,
Give me something good to eat!
If you don’t, I don’t care –
I’ll pull down your underwear!”

(Image: Jack-O-Latern. Source: Toby Ord, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons)

The carving of faces in punkies also has similarities to the customs of Samhain and modern Halloween. Scary faces were carved into turnip lanterns on Samhain and were placed in windows or carried outside to deter evil spirits. This has been adopted into modern Halloween traditions with carved pumpkin jack-o-lanterns being placed on window sills and on doorsteps.

These celebrations all incorporated themes of darkness, spirits of the dead, and the turning of the year. They belong to the season when the nights draw in, the harvest has ended, and people once believed that the dead and otherworldly spirits walked the earth. In this respect, Punkie Night can be seen as a regional English counterpart to Púca Night, Samhain, and Halloween. It is a survival of the same autumnal fears, folklore, and festivities that people experience at this time of year, but shaped by Somerset’s rhythms and spirit.

Why Punkie Night Endures

Punkie Night endures, weaving together folklore, community, and the timeless human fascination with light in the dark. From the crude lanterns carved by anxious wives in the 1800s to the elaborate mangelwurzel “punkies” paraded by today’s children, the festival captures a uniquely Somerset spirit while reflecting broader autumnal rites such as Samhain, Púca Night, and contemporary trick‑or‑treating. By preserving this tradition, the village of Hinton St George keep alive a story that celebrates resilience, imagination, and the comforting glow of shared history, proving that even as the nights grow longer, the light of community burns ever brighter.

Reference list

Oweynagat Cave and the Irish Origins of Samhain and Halloween

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(Neopagans in Ireland celebrating Samhain. Image Credit: Unknown author, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons)

Tucked away in the beautiful scenic landscape of County Roscommon, Ireland, lies a mysterious and legendary cave known as “Oweynagat” (pronounced “Oen-na-gat”), also known as ‘Cave of the Cats’. This ancient cave is believed to be the mythical entrance to the Otherworld, Ireland’s Gate to Hell, a supernatural realm in Irish mythology. Oweynagat is one of the most important places linked to the ancient Celtic festival of “Samhain”, the forerunner to the modern Halloween. Steeped in lore and shrouded in mystery, Oweynagat is a powerful symbol of Ireland’s ancient spiritual heritage and the very origins of Halloween.

The Mythology of Oweynagat

Oweynagat is part of Rathcroghan, a major archaeological complex that served as a royal site for the ancient Irish kingdom of Connacht. This area comprises over 250 archaeological features; it is an area surrounded by many ancient sites, monuments, holy wells and standing stones. Rathcroghan is deeply linked to Queen Medb, a famous warrior queen in Irish mythology, and features heavily in stories of the “Ulster Cycle”, one of the four great story cycles of Irish mythology.

(An ogham stone which forms the lintel of Oweynagat Cave. Image Credit: Cathalpeelo, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimed)

Oweynagat is often described in these tales as the “gateway to the Otherworld.” Irish mythology describes the cave as a place where powerful forces of the supernatural were said to reside. During Samhain, it was believed that the veil between the human world and the Otherworld was at its thinnest, allowing spirits, fairies, and other entities to pass through more easily. The cave itself was seen as a physical gateway through which supernatural beings could enter the mortal realm, making it a focal point for rituals and lore featuring Samhain.

One of the most famous legends associated with Oweynagat in relation to Samhain is known as ‘The Adventures of Nera”. One Samhain night, Ailill and Medb, ancient rulers of Rathcroghan, dared anyone to tie a rope around the foot of a captive hanging on a nearby gallows. They promised a reward to anyone who succeeded. Nera, a brave warrior, accepted this challenge. Decked out in his armour, he approached the captive and managed to tie the rope, only for the captive to come to life, asking Nera for a drink as a last request.

Nera agreed and carried the captive on his back to find water. As they passed three houses, each were marked by strange omens such as a lake of fire surrounding one, the captive finally drank from a slop bucket in one of the homes. In a final act of revenge, he spat his last sip on the faces of the house’s occupants, who died instantly. Returning the captive to his execution site, Nera then witnessed a horrifying vision of his home in flames and his people slain by an otherworldly army. When he followed this mysterious army into the underworld of Oweynagat, he found himself before a faery king.

(Underworld Army. Image Credit: Bing AI)

The faery king ordered Nera to bring wood daily to a house within the faery mound, where Nera met and married a faery woman. She shared many of the secrets of the faery world, warning him that his vision of his people’s demise could come true if he didn’t alert them. When Nera finally returned, only moments had passed in the human world despite his long stay in the faery mound.

Ailill and Medb, taking Nera’s warning seriously, prepared to attack the faery mound the next Samhain. Nera returned to his faery wife, who revealed she was pregnant with his child and encouraged him to escape with his family from the faery realm before the attack. He agreed and watched as the men of Connacht destroyed the faery mound, retrieving the powerful Crown of Briun, one of Ireland’s three great treasures.

Nera, however, remained forever tied to the faery world, never to be seen again in the mortal realm. The tale ends with his fate sealed, waiting in the faery mound until the end of time. The cave has since been claimed to be the birthplace of Halloween due to this story being set at Samhain.

(The Morrigan. Image Credit: Nabilsai, 2024)

Another legend relating to the cave at Oweynagat is that it is the home of the Morrígan, a Celtic war goddess who, according to tradition, emerges from the cave each Samhain to bring chaos to the land.  Ailill and Medb’s cats, who were supposed to roam out of Oweynagat on Samhain, are among the other mythological animals connected to the cave. They represent the chaos and the forces of nature that were thought to be let loose on this night.

Samhain: The Roots of Halloween

Samhain celebrations have a long history that predates written records. Samhain heralded the start of the dark of winter and the conclusion of the harvest season for the Celts. It was thought to be observed between October 31st and November 1st, sunset to sunset. Due to it being a transitional period, there was thought to be little separation between this world and the Otherworld. The veil thinned, enabling communication between living people and supernatural entities.

According to legend, Oweynagat cave is thought to become a portal to the otherworld at this time of year, where faeries and mortals may enter each other’s respective worlds. According to folklorist and professor, Dorothy Bray, “Samhain was a time charged with great supernatural energy and ordinary natural laws were suspended. The idea of the otherworld developed into the idea of the afterlife, so Samhain became a time when the worlds of life and death meet, when the souls of the dead return and can be seen.”  


(Offerings to the spirits of the ancestors. Image Credit: ©E.Holohan 2024)

According to local archaeologist and historian, Daniel
Curley, “Monsters and manifestations would emerge, led by the goddess Morríghan,
to create a world ready for winter, including birds with foul breath that would
strip leaves from trees. Locals would stay indoors in fear of being dragged
into the other world when the ghouls had finished ravaging the land. If you had
to go outside you wore a costume and mask to look hideous. That way you would
be left alone and not dragged into the otherworld.”

Feasting, bonfires, and rituals honouring the ancestors were all part of Samhain. People made food and drink offerings outside their homes to calm any wandering spirits who were thought to be free to roam on this night. People sometimes wore frightening masks or costumes to either ward off or blend in with any supernatural creatures that had passed over into our world, and bonfires were lit to guide the way to lost spirits.

From Samhain to Halloween

Many ancient traditions were adapted and reinterpreted to conform to Christianity as it expanded over Ireland. On November 1st, the Church created All Saints’ Day, which is a day to commemorate saints and martyrs. The night before was called All Hallows’ Eve, which later transformed to “Halloween.”

Samhain rituals gave rise to modern Halloween traditions including trick-or-treating, pumpkin carving, and the wearing of spooky costumes. Wearing costumes to ward off any lost spirits gave rise to the Halloween custom of dressing up as monsters, ghosts, or other terrifying creatures. The modern custom of “trick-or-treating,” in which youngsters knock on doors looking for sweet treats, evolved from the habit of leaving out food offerings.

(Jack-O-Latern. Image Credit: Toby Ord, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons)

The jack-o’-lantern, another popular Halloween custom, has Irish origins too. In order to ward off evil spirits, people in Ireland used to carve swedes and place candles inside to make glowing lanterns. This custom was carried to America by Irish immigrants in the 19th century, and it eventually developed into the pumpkin lanterns we are accustomed to today

Oweynagat Cave Today

A trip to Oweynagat Cave provides a window into the past for those who are interested in learning more about the Irish origins of Halloween. Although the cave appears to be damp, murky and unassuming, it is simple to see why ancient humans sensed a power in its presence. Visitors may feel the weight of centuries’ worth of history, rituals and legend hanging in the air when they first enter Oweynagat cave.

Today, Halloween is mainly about entertaining costumes, sweets and light-hearted frights. However, Halloween’s origins lie much deeper; it has to do with ancestors, the cycles of nature, and myths surrounding the invisible realm. Oweynagat Cave is a mysterious reminder of the mythical beginnings of this well-known festival, as well as Ireland’s contributions to a festival now observed world over.

It is easy to imagine the ghosts of Rathcroghan’s ancient lands and possibly the cave’s mythical cats emerging from the depths of Oweynagat cave as Samhain draws near, serving as a powerful reminder that the real spirit of Halloween continues to reverberate throughout Ireland’s ancient landscapes.

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Step Into the Paranormal: Highlights from the Live Vlog on the GhostÉire Channel

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(GhostÉire interview with Ghost Catcher Isles. Image Credit: GhostÉire Channel)

If you’re someone who feels the tantalising pull toward the strange and supernatural, then this one’s for you. Picture this: a quiet Saturday night, lights dimmed, a flickering candle perhaps—and there I was, live on the GhostÉire Channel, diving headfirst into the world of the paranormal. Together with my incredible host Anthony Kerrigan, we opened the door to stories, historic sites, and legendary mysteries. Members of the “Uncanny Community” and paranormal enthusiasts tuned in, sharing in the experience as we wandered through tales of ancient landscapes and whispered legends. But if you missed it, don’t worry: the full recording is waiting for you, ready to be explored at your own pace.

A Bond Forged Through an Uncanny Curiosity

We kicked off the night by discussing my passion for the podcast Uncanny and the amazing ‘Uncanny Community’ it has fostered. There’s something powerful about this community: a place where like-minded individuals gather to share their strange encounters, eerie experiences, and shared fascination with the unknown. The support, curiosity, and friendship are inspiring, making it the perfect place for those drawn to the mysterious to connect.

Mysteries Carved into the Earth: The Uffington White Horse and Wayland’s Smithy

Our next stop on this haunted journey took us to one of Britain’s most iconic sites: the Uffington White Horse, a massive chalk figure etched into an Oxfordshire hillside that has withstood nearly 3,000 years of history. There’s a sacred stillness to it, a feeling that resonates with something far older than we’ll ever know. Is it a mark of ancient ritual, a tribute to old gods, or simply a beacon carved to guide travellers of the past? Each theory adds a layer of wonder to this timeless mystery.

(Wayland’s Smithy. Image Credit: E.Holohan)

And just a stone’s throw away lies Wayland’s Smithy, an ancient burial site nestled within this mysterious landscape. It’s a place that buzzes with mystery. Standing there, surrounded by earth that’s seen so much, you can’t help but wonder what these ancient builders believed and what secrets they took with them.

The Haunting Sounds of the Whispering Mummies

(The Crypt under St Michan’s. Image Credit: E.Holohan)

Our final topic was one that feels both spine-tingling and sombre: the Whispering Mummies of St. Michan’s Church in Dublin. Interred in crypts beneath this centuries-old church, the mummified remains have become legend, and some say that if you listen closely, the mummies themselves seem to whisper secrets of a bygone time. There’s a strange, haunting beauty here, where history and the supernatural meet in the stillness. The whispers, or maybe just the echoes of centuries, remind us that death is a mystery we all ponder, and yet, here we are, side-by-side with those who came long before us.

Join Us on a Journey Into the Unknown

If you have a passion for the paranormal or a love for history that holds shadows and secrets, this conversation is an invitation to journey with me and my host Anthony. Each story shared brought its own sense of wonder, its own question that lingered in the air. So, wrap up in a blanket, dim the lights, and join us in exploring these mysteries. Watch the full recording on the GhostÉire Channel and step with us into a world where every answer brings another question; and where the unknown is always just a little closer than we think.

Watch via links below:

GhostÉire Channel:  https://www.ghosteire.net/ghosteire-channel-seasoniv

On Youtube: https://youtu.be/73ksjMGSInc

(Interview poster. Image Credit: GhostÉire Channel)

Join Ghost Catcher Isles Live for a Paranormal Deep Dive on GhostÉire!

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(Live Vlog. Image Credit: GhostÉire)

Are you fascinated by the paranormal? Intrigued by folklore and eerie legends? Then you won’t want to miss my exclusive live vlog interview on the GhostÉire Channel, where we explore the unknown and the mysterious. It’s time to sit back, relax, and join me and my host Anthony Kerrigan as we delve into the world of the paranormal.

On this episode, Anthony will be speaking to me about my passion for all things paranormal. This includes ghostly tales, mystical sites, and everything in between. We’ll discuss my blog, Ghost Catcher Isles, where I explore strange and eerie stories from across the UK and also the Republic of Ireland.

Here’s a sneak peek of what we’ll cover:

Uncanny Podcast and the ‘Uncanny’ Community

We’ll kick things off by talking about the hit paranormal podcast and documentary series, Uncanny. It first aired on BBC Radio 4 in 2021, it’s now a cult favourite. The podcast was created by Danny Robins and it dives deep into real-life supernatural encounters. It features key witness interviews and expert analysis from experts in the field such as Dr. Ciaran O’Keeffe, Professor Chris French, and Dr. Evelyn Hollow. Uncanny recently had a TV adaptation and also experienced a successful live tour across the UK and Ireland. Consequently, the Uncanny phenomenon continues to grow. But where do I stand—Team Believer or Team Sceptic? Or somewhere in between? Tune in to find out!

The Mystery of the Uffington White Horse

Next, we’ll journey to Oxfordshire, England, to explore the ancient chalk hill figure known as the Uffington White Horse. Dating back to the late Bronze Age, this enigmatic figure has sparked centuries of fascination. Is it a tribute to Epona, the Celtic goddess of horses, or linked to Rhiannon of Welsh myth? I’ll share my experience of visiting this iconic site and reveal whether the surrounding landscape holds any paranormal secrets.

The Whispering Mummies of St Michan’s

Our final topic takes us to the eerie vaults beneath St Michan’s Church in Dublin, home to mummified remains preserved for centuries. From the mysterious ‘nun’ to the six-foot-five ‘crusader,’ these mummies have their own strange stories to tell. We’ll dive into the chilling reports of ghostly whispers and invisible hands that haunt this crypt. And yes, we’ll also discuss the tragic fire of June 2024 that destroyed several of these ancient remains.

Want to ask a question? Feel free to send in your questions live about any of the topics we’ll cover—or anything related to the paranormal!

How to Watch Live: Catch the interview LIVE through the GhostÉire website at www.ghosteire.net—just press the RED button on the homepage. You can also watch via the GhostÉire Channel Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/events/503154179156001

The live interview will last approximately 90 mins. Feel free to join for the full interview. You can join and leave as you wish. You have the flexibility to dip in and out at any time during the live broadcast.

Don’t miss out on this spine-tingling discussion! This show is open to over 18’s only

My First Podcast Experience: Ghosts & Stories

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(Time Between Times. Image Credit: O.Staton and Spotify)

I’m thrilled to share that I recently had the incredible opportunity to join the captivating storyteller Owen Staton on his podcast, The Time Between Times. It was my first podcast interview, and we had a wonderful conversation about my writing, my obsession with the paranormal, and, of course, my all-time favourite Norfolk ghost story; the eerie tale of the Phantom Drummer Boy of Hickling Broad. Owen asked me why I chose this particular tale to be retold by the firepit. It’s more than just a ghost story to me; listen to the episode to find out why this eerie legend resonates so deeply.

Owen Staton is a master storyteller, so I couldn’t have asked for a better host to guide me through this fascinating chat. We covered everything from the origins of my interest in all things spooky and Fortean to my adventures around the UK and the Republic of Ireland in search of haunted places. I even had the chance to discuss my blog, Ghost Catcher Isles, which has been steadily growing in 2024, and my exciting plans for its future. I even shared a personal story about an unforgettable encounter that still gives me chills. You won’t want to miss this!

It was such a fun and thought-provoking conversation, and if you’re into ghost stories, the paranormal, or just love a good tale, this episode is one you won’t want to miss.

You can catch the full interview on Spotify or wherever you prefer to get your podcasts. Come listen, and let me know what you think—maybe we’ll share our own ghostly experiences together next time!

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Drumbeats of the Past: Uncle Gerald’s Fateful Meeting with the Hickling Drummer Boy

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(Phantom Drummer. Image Source: Bing Image Creator)

My step-uncle Gerald lived in the village of Hickling, nestled in the heart of the Norfolk Broadlands. He was one of the few remaining reed cutters, a job with a long, proud tradition in the area but sadly dying out as fewer people needed thatch for their homes.

(Gerald Nudd 1940-1999. Artist unknown. Image Source: ©E.Holohan)

It was back in the mid-1990s that my step-uncle spent his day on Hickling Broad, the local body of water, slicing through reeds as the sun dipped below the horizon. One evening, the air grew cold and he witnessed a spectral figure gliding across the Broad.

(Hicking Broad, Norfolk. Image Source: John Fielding)

Now, being Hickling born and bred and from a family whose ancestry here stretched back as far as the Norse settlers, Gerald realised in horror that he was witnessing a local legend recreating its ethereal journey across the Broad.

Local folklore has it that during the winter of 1815, shortly before the battle of Waterloo, a local drummer boy from Potter Heigham returned home on leave. While back he fell passionately in love with a local girl from a wealthy and influential family. The girl’s father, knowing the drummer boy was poor, refused to allow the relationship and any thought of marriage.

Undeterred by this, the star-crossed lovers continued to meet in secret every night in a little hut at Swim Coots on the edge of Hickling Broad. When the winter turned icy and the Broad froze over, the drummer boy skated over the ice, wearing his bright yellow scarlet trimmed coat, and would beat his kettle drum to signal his approach.

(The view from Swim Coots Mill. Image Source: Bart Horeman cc-by-sa/2.0)

One frozen February evening the girl waited at Swim Coots as usual and listened out for the drum beat of her paramour. But this time the drum beat suddenly stopped and there was an eerie silence. The ice had cracked and the drummer boy had plunged through and drowned in the freezing waters of the Broad.

It is said that the girl rushed to the edge of the frozen Broad to find her lover and was relieved to see the shivering boy skating towards her. As she held out her hands to help him ashore, she felt his icy touch and the drummer boy disappeared.

The unfortunate drummer boy was not found for several days when a lifeless body was pulled from the Broad clad in a yellow coat with scarlet trim.

(Hickling Broad with Swim Coots marked. Image Source: Google Maps 2023)

Since then, it is said that on some cold winter nights in February, the eerie sound of a rhythmic drum tattoo and the swishing of skates can be heard, as the ghostly drummer boy tries to keep his date with his sweetheart.

After observing in shock the gliding figure, Gerald quickly downed his tools and fled back to the village where he decided to visit the Greyhound Inn for a stiff, nerve-settling drink. As Gerald recounted the haunting sight of the ghostly drummer boy to the sceptical pub patrons, the line between reality and spirits blurred. Was it the ethereal presence of the supernatural he witnessed, or a distorted vision fuelled by the spirits from his glass?

The locals in the pub dismissed his tale, attributing it to his well-known predilection for whisky. However, Gerald couldn’t shake the chilling memory, leaving him wondering if the haunting beats of the drummer boy would forever echo in his consciousness or fade away like the dissipating spirits in his empty whisky glass.

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