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Firelight Tales: A Festive Summer Solstice at the Hellfire Caves.

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(Image: Summer Solstice Sunset over West Wycombe. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

As the sun reached its highest point on the longest day of the year, an energy filled the West Wycombe “Hellfire Caves”, beckoning to those eager to celebrate the Summer Solstice in a truly extraordinary manner. This historic site, rich in folklore and mystery, provided the perfect setting for a gathering that paid homage to the changing seasons while exploring fascinating pagan traditions. The Summer Solstice has been of significance for centuries across many cultures, symbolising light, renewal, and the changing of the seasons. On 21st June 2025, I had the opportunity to attend the Summer Solstice celebration at the Hellfire Caves and the Walled Garden Café in West Wycombe. The festivities kicked off at 4 PM and continued until 8 PM, offering a delightful mix of history and community spirit. In this post, we’ll delve into the importance of the Summer Solstice, the intriguing history of the Hellfire Caves, and the lively rituals that unite pagans. I’ll also share my personal reflections on this experience, capturing the essence of the day and the connections made with fellow attendees. So, come along as we embark on a journey through time and tradition, discovering how the Summer Solstice at the Hellfire Caves not only honours the past but also sparked a sense of wonder in everyone who took part.

The Significance of the Summer Solstice

The Summer Solstice is the time of year where the longest day meets the shortest night of the year, and here the ‘longest day’ refers to the day of the year with the most hours of daylight. In England, the summer solstice marks both the start of summer and, surprisingly, also midsummer. It is the time of the year when the sun is at its highest point in the sky, heralding the beginning of the astronomical summer. Meteorological summer, on the other hand, begins in the Northern Hemisphere almost a month earlier, so for many this time of year is also considered midsummer. Whichever way you prefer to view it, this is a special time of year signifying light, renewal and abundance, and since prehistory, it has been a significant time of year in many cultures, marked by festivals, fire and rituals.

(Image: Pagan wheel of the year. Photo by Monstera Production on Pexels.com)

The Oak King and the Holly King are two mythical figures linked to the Summer Solstice and the ever-turning of the seasons, both being personifications of winter and summer.  The two kings are engaged in a perpetual battle of light over darkness, crop renewal and growth. At the time of the Summer Solstice, the Oak King, the lord of the brighter part of the year, is at the height of his power, while the Holly King begins his slow return towards the renewal of winter.  He slowly regains his power at the autumn equinox, and by the time of the midwinter, it is the Holly King’s time to be at the height of his strength. It is at this point the Oak King is reborn to build up his power at the spring equinox, where he once again succeeds as ruler.

Our Journey and Arrival at West Wycombe

With parts of the UK experiencing their first heatwave of the year, my husband Ed, our friend Claire and I drove down from Bristol through the scorching sun. I wore my new Green Man dress, which I felt fitted the event, but immediately regretted not bringing a hat due to the searing heat of about 30°C.

s we arrived at the event, the atmosphere buzzed with excitement and anticipation. The sun shone brightly overhead, casting a warm glow on the vibrant surroundings. The festive spirit of the event was palpable, setting the stage for a truly memorable celebration of the Summer Solstice.  

(Image: Aldbury Morris Men. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

First up after we arrived, we spotted the Morris Dancers, the Aldbury Morris Men, a troupe from the Cotswolds that has been going since 1969. Their dances featured a blend of Cotswold traditions and some Border styles, accompanied by music and singing.  Their rhythmic dances, accompanied by the clacking of staves and the jingling of bells, created an infectious energy that drew in the crowd. Around this time, I was almost pickpocketed by their naughty hobby horse, but my eagle eye spotted him in time before he made off with my purse! After chasing him down for a photo, he ‘mooned’ me! How rude! He claimed that as it was the summer solstice, it was a time for both the sun and the ‘moon’ to come out! 

We watched the Morris Men perform several traditional dances, clacking their staves and jingling their bells as they went. Claire even took the opportunity to join in when they invited people to learn a dance with them. Not being a natural dancer myself, I felt too shy to participate but watched in amusement and interest from the sidelines.

Exploring the Hellfire Caves

After this we headed to the Hellfire Caves to cool off and catch one of Stevyn Colgan’s Solstice lectures on the folklore and traditions surrounding the solstice.

(Image: West Wycombe Caves. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

The West Wycombe “Hellfire” Caves in Buckinghamshire are a fascinating network of man-made caves carved from chalk and flint during the mid-18th century. They are famously linked to the Order of the Friars of St Francis of Wycombe, commonly known as the “Hellfire Club”, an infamous society that was established by Sir Francis Dashwood, who used the caves for their meetings and rituals.

The caves were originally dug out to provide work for local people facing tough agricultural hardship, with the materials taken from the site being used to build a new road. Over time, however, the caves transformed into a base for the Hellfire Club’s activities, which featured mock religious ceremonies and extravagant banquets, adding to the site’s notoriety for secrecy and hedonism.

I’d met Stevyn Colgan briefly at the Wycombe Paranormal Convention in 2024, where I first heard him speak, so I knew we’d be in for a treat with his talk today.

Stevyn Colgan is a British writer, artist, and speaker. He spent three decades as a police officer in London from 1980 to 2010 before moving into the creative field as a researcher and scriptwriter for the BBC series ‘QI’ and its companion show, ‘The Museum of Curiosity’, until 2018. Colgan also co-hosts the podcast ‘We’d Like a Word’, which delves into the world of books and authors. Colgan is a passionate forager and keen student of British folklore, identifying as an author, illustrator, speaker, and folklorist. On social media he describes himself as an “ex-QI elf” and “Cornish pisky” and claims to be “mostly made of hair and tea”.

(Image: Stevyn Colgan and the Hogarth Carving. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

Colgan led us into the caves and started by briefly telling us some of the history and background to the caves and the Hellfire Club. At one point he pointed out a carving by painter William Hogarth said to be of Dashwood in a pope’s hat, as the Hellfire Club enjoyed mocking the Church. Looking at the carving, it is good that Hogarth stuck with the painting instead. Of more modern interest, he described how the caves famously featured in the film “Beetlejuice, Beetlejuice” (2024), whose funeral scene was filmed on the estate.

His discussion on the Summer Solstice delved into its fascinating history, myths, folklore, and traditions. Colgan told us how Milton Keynes, known for its distinctive urban layout, contains Midsummer Boulevard, which aligns perfectly with the sunrise on the summer solstice, making it a key spot for celebrations. Modern druids and witches often gather for the Midsummer festival there, which includes the Light Pyramid sculpture in Campbell Park, also aligned with the solstice sunrise.

(Image: Inside the Hellfire Caves. Source: E.Blackshaw 2025)

The solstice signifies a time of change, dividing the year into four distinct seasons, with equinoxes marking important agricultural periods like lambing and harvest. Midsummer Day, celebrated on the Pagan 22nd, and St John’s Day on the 24th in the Christian calendar are both traditionally marked by bonfires. These fires have a long history of being used for purification rituals, where young people would leap over the flames, and animals would pass through to rid themselves of ticks. The term “bonfire” actually comes from the practice of burning animal bones on these fires.

Celebrations during this time often involve feasting, dancing, and various other rituals. One tradition is to pick a flower and place it in a vase; if it wilts to the left, it is considered bad luck, while wilting to the right brings good fortune. There is also the “dumb cake” ritual, where silence must be maintained while preparing the cake, with the first slice believed to reveal one’s future husband. Additionally, on the eve of the Summer Solstice, it is said that ghostly figures knock on church doors at midnight, representing those who are destined to pass away that year. The dressing of holy wells is another part of the solstice traditions, emphasising the deep connection to nature and the spiritual significance of this time of year.

Food, Music and Flames

Feeling cooler and refreshed from the lower temperatures of the caves, we made our way back to the Walled Garden Café ‘paddock’ to enjoy a bite to eat from the food vans and listen to lively folk music performed by “My Mate Dave”, a female-fronted folk band. We set down our colourful picnic blanket and ate pizza, relaxed and listened to the festive tunes while majestic red kites hovered overhead in search of small prey for their own supper.

(Image: Summer Solstice Celebration. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

It was soon time for the Solstice Bonfire. The bonfire was lit a distance away from revellers for safety, but it still packed a punch; its roaring flames were impressive and primal in this already very hot weather.  Bonfires on the summer solstice have ancient roots, traditionally lit to honour the sun, promote good harvests and protect from evil spirits. These practices are found in various cultures, including Celtic, Slavic, and Germanic traditions, with bonfires symbolising the sun’s strength and its role in the agricultural cycle.

Throughout the day there were other events for families and festivalgoers such as a costume competition, face painting and summer wreath and flower crown making. These activities created a joyful, family-friendly atmosphere that made the event even more memorable.

A Visit to the Dashwood Mausoleum

(Image: Dashwood Mausoleum. Source: E.Blackshaw 2025)

After the event concluded, we took a brief trip up to the Dashwood mausoleum, located on top of the West Wycombe Hill. The mausoleum is a hexagonal structure built of Portland stone and flint and serves as a private burial ground for the Dashwood family, including Sir Francis Dashwood and his relatives. The mausoleum is also known for housing an urn containing the heart of Paul Whitehead, a friend of Sir Francis and steward of the Hellfire Club.

We explored and lingered here a while, witnessing a vibrant rainbow appear in the sky over West Wycombe. After a moment of reflection and quiet contemplation, we finally set off back to Bristol in the soft, dwindling Summer Solstice light.

Embracing the Spirit of the Summer Solstice: Celebrating Connection and Community

(Image: With the hobby horse. Source: C.Lewis 2025)

Looking back on the day, I feel a deep sense of gratitude for the chance to celebrate the Summer Solstice in such a unique setting. From the entertaining performances of the Morris Dancers to the enlightening lecture held in the Hellfire Caves, every moment contributed to a richer appreciation of this ancient tradition. The joy of celebrating as a community was infused throughout the day as families and friends gathered to take part in the festivities, creating lasting memories together. The Summer Solstice serves as a beautiful reminder of the wonders of nature and the importance of connection, both with the earth and with one another. I invite readers to share their own summer solstice experiences or thoughts, as we continue to celebrate the light and warmth that this time of year brings.

If you enjoyed reading about my Summer Solstice experience, I would encourage you to seek out similar events in the future. Participating in community celebrations not only enriches our lives but also fosters a sense of belonging and connection. Please feel free to share this post or leave a comment with your own Summer Solstice stories or reflections. Let’s keep the spirit of the Summer Solstice alive by sharing our experiences and celebrating the light together!

(Image: Rainbow over West Wycombe. Source: E.Holohan 2025)

References

Uncovering Glastonbury’s Supernatural Secrets – An Uncanny Journey into Paranormal, Mythical, and Folkloric Wonder

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Glastonbury, a town steeped in mysticism and ancient folklore, served as the backdrop for a recent winter expedition that united bloggers, podcasters, and fans of the paranormal. Our journey began at the venerable George and Pilgrim pub, an atmospheric establishment echoing with centuries of history.

George and Pilgrim Pub: An Eerie Prelude

Nestled in the heart of Glastonbury, the George and Pilgrim pub proved to be the ideal starting point for our supernatural escapade.

(George & Pilgrim Pub Image Source: ©E.Blackshaw)

The George and Pilgrim pub is one of the best surviving pre-reformation inns in England, one that has provided food, drink, and accommodation to pilgrims and visitors to Glastonbury for centuries. Its exact age is unknown, but it is known to have been rebuilt by Abbot Selwood in around 1455 when he oversaw an expansion of the abbey. The building itself comprises three stone storeys with a façade that resembles a small castle with battlements.  There are three panels over the front entrance. Two of these contain the coat of arms of the abbey and King Edward IV while the third is blank. This possibly contained the white rose of York and was tactfully removed when King Henry VII came to the throne. The inn was built to accommodate wealthy pilgrims visiting the nearby abbey.  The pub is also linked to the abbey by an underground tunnel that begins in the cellar and leads to a point within the abbey walls. It is thought that pilgrims could have used the tunnel to gain secret access to the abbey. Parts of the interior still have the original oak beam ceiling and stone slab flooring. Early carvings, figurines, and statues are still in place in the bar area. The interior is full of historical character, from its beamed ceilings, dark oak furniture, and huge fireplace.

As we convened, exchanging greetings, the air buzzed with anticipation. The pub, with its creaking floorboards and shadowy corners, set the stage for a day filled with eerie adventures.

St Margaret’s Chapel: A Sanctuary of Secrets

(St Margaret’s Chapel. Image Source: ©E.Holohan)

Our first destination to beckon us was St Margaret’s Chapel, a hidden gem of Glastonbury, a retreat away from the bustle of Magdalene Street. This sacred space exuded an otherworldly energy of peace and tranquillity. Built around 1250-70 and founded by Abbot Michael, it was first established as a pilgrim hospital with a chapel at the east end.  At this time, it was known as the Hospital of St Mary Magdalene. Tired and hungry pilgrims were fed, washed, and accommodated here while visiting the abbey to view its shrines and relics. It was originally a long infirmary hall with cubicles on either side. The chapel was dedicated to St Margaret who was a Scottish Queen and Saxon princess. The chapel itself has a barrel roof and a now fully restored bell-cote.

By the early 15th Century, the large hall was replaced with two rows of alms-houses used for accommodating aging, poor parishioners. These were in use until the 1950s when one row was finally demolished. The site was rescued by the Quest Community and the Mary and Margaret Charity, who restored it and now care for it.

Here we explored the chapel with its glittering icons and spent some time in quiet contemplation in the gardens before moving on to the next destination on our journey.

Chalice Well: Nourishing the Spirit

(Chalice Well. Image Source: ©E.Holohan)

A pilgrimage to Glastonbury wouldn’t be complete without a visit to the Chalice Well, a site brimming with symbolism and ancient charm.

The Chalice Well, lying sheltered between Chalice Hill and the Tor, is an area of gardens arranged around a series of fountains and water features. It was the main supply of fresh water in Glastonbury until the 19th Century and 25,000 gallons of water flow there every day. This holy well is also known as the “Red Spring” or “Blood Spring” due to the red iron deposits the water leaves on everything it touches.

The site is ancient, with a 1961 excavation bringing up Roman pottery and flint. The stump of a yew tree dated to the Roman period was even found in the deep excavation. Yews still grow at the Chalice Well today and have a strong association with the ancient Druids and also Christian churchyard.

Legend has it that Joseph of Arimathea and his followers settled nearby and built the first Christian shrine in Britain and that the earliest baptisms were conducted in the spring. It is said that Joseph brought the chalice or cup used by Jesus in the Last Supper and either buried or washed the cup at the site, causing the water representing the blood of Christ to spring forth from the ground. Due to this, the Chalice Well is linked to the quest for the Holy Grail.

The Chalice Well has also been associated with healing waters for several centuries. In 1582 Dr John Dee declared he had discovered the ‘Elixir Vitae’ at the well and declared the water had healing properties. By the 18th Century, it became fashionable for people to visit the take the waters, with visitors flocking to the well to be healed. In 1750 a man from North Wootton claimed he had had a dream which told him to drink the water on seven consecutive Sundays to cure his asthma. He did this and proclaimed that he had “recovered of his disorder”. By 1751 tens of thousands of visitors came to take the waters, many of whom made sworn testimonies stating they had been cured of all manner of things, including blindness, ulcers, deafness, and scrofula.

(Chalice Well. Image Source: ©E.Holohan)

Today the Lion’s Head drinking fountain is the only place in the gardens where the iron-rich water is safe to drink. The Chalice Well is now a place of quiet contemplation, peace, and calm, where visitors can revive their spirits and be soothed by nature. My husband and I filled our water bottle here, so we could drink the healing, iron-rich water later.

On Wellhouse Lane outside Chalice Well, leading up to the Tor, there is also a tap where travellers can fill their bottles when the gardens are closed. Directly opposite this lies the White Spring, from which calcium-rich waters flow, which we didn’t visit on this occasion.

The healing waters and vibrant gardens provided a tranquil respite, allowing our group to reflect on the mystical threads connecting Glastonbury’s past and present.

Glastonbury Tor: A Beacon of Mystery

Due to the inclement icy weather, myself and a number of our group decided to forgo climbing up the iconic Glastonbury Tor, preferring to view from a distance from the Chalice Well below. However, two brave members of our group continued their exploration, climbing through the mist and ice to the summit.

The Tor is a towering hill with panoramic views, it is shrouded in legend, rumoured to be the mythical Avalon. The mists rolling off the Levels left only the tower visible, pointing like a beacon towards the heavens; imposing and darkly powerful. The climb to the summit is approximately 158m above sea level, the sides are precipitous, and on a clear day, climbers can see for miles.

In early times the whole area here used to be a wetland and archaeology shows that the early inhabitants of the area built communities on hills or manmade structures, such as at the Lake Villages of Godney and Mere. Therefore, before the Levels were drained, Glastonbury Tor would have been a wetland island, perhaps leading to the myth of the Isle of Avalon. In prehistoric times it certainly would have been a landmark for local inhabitants and travellers.

(The Tor seen from Chalice Well below. Image Source: ©E.Blackshaw)

Archaeological excavation indicates that the site has been inhabited since at least the 6th Century. Pottery and metalwork have been found there indicating the presence of a people of possible importance such as a monastic community. This may have been a sacred place long before Christianity, used by Bronze Age people and perhaps the Celts. The positioning of the Chalice Well and the Tor fits with a Celtic format, perhaps a place of pagan religious importance, later taken over by Christians.

A Norman chapel was built to St Michael on the summit, but destroyed by an earthquake in 1275. It was rebuilt 50 years later and in the 15th Century a tower was added, which remains today as a romantic, lonely ruin.

The Tor is associated with several myths and legends. There is thought to be a cave deep within the Tor, which is said to be a portal into the Otherworld which the Welsh mythological Lord of the Otherworld (Annwn) uses to transport spirits. It is said that on All Hallows Eve, the Lord of the Otherworld rides out from the cave on dark steeds for the Wild Hunt; collecting souls. He is followed by the hounds of hell, Cwn Annwn. The myth remains strong as in 2005 in the early hours of the morning, locals said that a charge of demonic horses could be heard galloping through the town. Four locals stated that they saw riderless black horses thundering up Bere Lane, along Chilkwell Street, and then disappearing in the direction of the Tor. They were lucky to keep their souls, in that case!

There is also a story relating to St Collen and his experience of the Tor. The saint visited Glastonbury but shortly after had a falling out with the local monks. He left for the Tor and made a cell in a quiet spot near the spring at the bottom. Here he is said to have had a vision of the Lord of the Otherworld, also believed to be King of the Fair Folk (fairies), Gwyn ap Nudd. His vision included scenes of revelry at the fairy castle, a fine feast, and music. St Collen sprinkled holy water and the vision vanished, leaving him alone on the Tor summit. Locals say that if the summit of the Tor is covered in mist, Gwyn ap Nudd is holding high revelry there. The members of our group climbed the misty Tor, but as far as I know, were not transported to the Fairy Realm on this occasion.

Return to the Haunted Haven: the George and Pilgrim Pub

After our day of exploring some of the sights of Glastonbury, we reconvened back at the George and Pilgrim pub for dinner and drinks in its atmospheric setting. We spent the evening sharing stories and bonding over our shared interests.

(Evening shenanigans. Image Source: ©J.Hickey-Hall)

As night fell, many of us chose to brave the haunted rooms of the George and Pilgrim, welcoming the prospect of nighttime encounters with the unknown.

The George and Pilgrim pub has a reputation as one of the most haunted hotels in England. A man in 17th-century clothing is said to walk through the bar, to then disappear. In the Small Bar guests have heard a violent argument in process, only to discover on investigation that there is nobody there.

The bedrooms on the upper floors are said to be haunted by a variety of spirits. Footsteps have been heard moving along the empty corridors and cigar smoke has been smelled by occupants in certain rooms in the early hours. Chambermaids have reported that taps have been turned on, bed covers disordered, and furniture moved by unseen hands.

(The corridor to the Abbot Bere Room. Image Source: ©E.Blackshaw)

In one room the spirit of a monk was seen by a lady who awoke in the night. She felt the bed sink as the monk sat on the bed, where he stayed for several minutes talking about the time of Queen Elizabeth I, before fading away. Local legend has it that a monk once completed suicide in that very room.

A married couple once stayed in another room and reported that the wife was woken in the night by footsteps approaching the bedroom door. She looked to see a glimmering light with a tall, thin man in a sports jacket standing at the door. As she went to leap out of bed in fright, he smiled and disappeared.

The group decided to meet up in one of the rooms, ‘Abbot Richard Bere’ room, to see if anything spooky could be felt. Abbot Bere was Abbot of Glastonbury between 1493-1524. He began much building on Glastonbury Abbey, from the chapels to the crypts, and also rebuilt the tribunal in around 1500. Although the room was very atmospheric, with its old-fashioned four-poster bed, we did not feel anything unusual in this room.

Several of us retired to bed, but a small group of us including myself peeled off and spent some time in another of the bedrooms. Here we turned out the lights and called out for any spirits to show themselves. We heard some small tapping sounds, but on investigation, these sounds were found to be the radiators heating up.

Finally, we called it a night and my husband and I retired to our room, ‘The Monk’s Cell’. This room is believed to be where the Abbot Whiting and his two monks were held on the morning of their execution. Abbot Whiting had been charged by King Henry VIII with robbery at the Bishop’s Palace in Wells after the dissolution of the monasteries. He was found guilty and attached to a hurdle, dragged through town, and eventually was hanged up on Glastonbury Tor alongside two of his monks John Thorne and Roger Wilfred. Whiting was then drawn and quartered and his head hung over the Abbey gateway.

(The Mon’s Cell. Image Source: ©E.Blackshaw)

The room had an eerie feel to it, this may just have been due to suggestion because of its old-fashioned style and slightly off-kilter proportions. I slept quite poorly that night, having weird dreams, but this once again may be due to the priming of being in a ‘possibly haunted’ room. My husband slept quite well though.

The next morning, however, provided some spooky hijinks. In the breakfast room, we were entertained by the light-hearted staff as we ate our breakfasts. Several times we noted that breakfast menus fell off the tables, perhaps pushed by spectral hands. Or, just as likely, gravity, of course. The staff claimed that this was the hotel poltergeist, ‘Arkwright’, who caused all kinds of mischief in the kitchen and breakfast room.

A Parting of Ways

Our sojourn through Glastonbury transcended the ordinary, weaving together a collective tale of mystery, and folklore, and shared fascination with the paranormal. As we departed, the ancient energy of Glastonbury lingered, leaving an indelible mark on each of us and a treasury of memories and stories to share with kindred spirits.

Please check out some of my fellow Glastonbury explorers’ podcasts and writing:

Peter Laws (https://www.peterlaws.co.uk/), Owen Staton (Time Between Times: https://www.youtube.com/@TimebetweenTimes), Dr Delyth Badder ( The Folklore of Wales: Ghosts https://www.amazon.co.uk/Folklore-Wales-Ghosts-Delyth-Badder/dp/191527950X), Jo Hickey-Hall (The Modern Fairy Sightings Podcast https://www.scarlettofthefae.com/category/the-modern-fairy-sightings-podcast/)

References